(1) The University is committed to equal opportunity and appropriate professional behaviour in the workplace. This Policy specifically covers discrimination (direct/indirect and legal protections), harassment (general, sexual and racial), bullying (direct/indirect and intentional/unintentional), vilification and victimisation, occupational violence, personal relationships. (2) The University is committed to providing a safe and healthy workplace environment. (3) All staff, contractors, agents, official visitors and other individuals performing services/work for and on behalf of the University (collectively referred to as staff throughout this policy) have a right to work in an environment which is free from unacceptable behaviour including discrimination, harassment, bullying, victimisation, violence and racial/religious vilification and other forms of unacceptable behaviour as deemed by the University and to be treated with dignity and respect. (4) The procedures provide guidance for understanding: (5) This policy applies to all staff, contractors, agents, official visitors and other individuals performing services/work for and on behalf of the University or who are engaged in activities reasonably connected with the University. Collectively referred to as staff throughout this policy. (6) This policy also applies to staff behaving unacceptably to students. (7) This policy does not apply to students behaving unacceptably as this is managed under the relevant policies/procedures and the General Misconduct Statute 2009 and therefore excluded from this policy. (8) This policy does not apply to reasonable and legitimate management action. (9) Staff are entitled to: (10) Behaviour must comply with the Code of Conduct and the University’s values. (11) Behaviour relating to discrimination, harassment, bullying, victimisation, vilification and violence is not tolerated or accepted at the University, and is against the law. (12) Our commitment is to: (13) The University expects all staff: (14) The University expects managers to: (15) Unacceptable workplace behaviour will be dealt with having regard to the facts and circumstances of each case. (16) Any action taken in relation to unacceptable workplace behaviour will be managed under these Procedures. (17) Breaches of this policy and the procedure may lead to a variety of outcomes; for example an apology or training, through to (but not limited to) termination of employment. (18) Discrimination may occur when distinctions are made between individuals/groups so as to disadvantage some and advantage others. It can be classified as either direct or indirect. (19) Direct discrimination is when someone is treated less favourably on the grounds of an attribute (as listed below) regardless of the discriminator’s motive and whether they are aware of the discrimination or consider the treatment less favourable. (20) Indirect discrimination occurs when a requirement (or rule) that appears to be neutral and the same for everyone in fact has the effect of disadvantaging someone because they have an attribute covered by the Act. The effect has to be unreasonable. (21) In some situations the legislation may provide exceptions to discrimination or permit what would otherwise be unlawful discrimination. (22) Section 6 of the Equal Opportunity Act 2010 details the legal protections in employment which are intended to ensure the treatment of staff and potential staff is fair, equitable and non-discriminatory on the grounds of the following attributes: (23) Harassment occurs when uninvited or unwelcome behaviour causes someone, or a group of people, to feel intimidated, insulted or humiliated. It can occur in a single incident or a series of incidents. Harassment may also be experienced as a result of witnessing behaviour not directed to that person e.g. overhearing an unacceptable joke. Each person perceives things differently as their values and experiences are unique to them. They therefore, may react differently to how someone might expect them to react. (24) Sexual harassment is a specific and serious form of harassment. It is uninvited behaviour of a sexual nature or displays of material of a sexual nature that could be expected to make a person feel offended, humiliated or intimidated. Sexual harassment can be physical, spoken, visual or written. (25) In Australia, sexual harassment (and victimisation) is unlawful under the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 (Cth) as well as anti-discrimination legislation operating in every State and Territory. (26) If the recipient does not object to unacceptable behaviour in the workplace at the time it occurs, it does not necessarily mean that they are consenting to the behaviour. In determining if sexual harassment has occurred the question asked is "would a reasonable person, having regard to all the circumstances, have anticipated that the person harassed would feel offended, humiliated or intimidated?" (27) Sexual harassment in the workplace occurs when it happens at work and at work-related events. (28) There are specific sexual harassment provisions for educational institutions in the Sex Discrimination Act 1984, Section 28F. (29) Racial harassment is another form of harassment. It describes any unwelcome conduct in relation to a person’s colour, race, nationality, social or ethnic origin or extraction. It can range from relatively minor abuse to physical violence. It can be discriminatory remarks, behaviours or practices which show racial intolerance against another University representative. (30) Workplace bullying is the repeated unreasonable and less favourable treatment of a person. It includes behaviour that intimidates, offends, degrades or humiliates a staff member and may create a risk to their health and safety. (31) Repeated behaviour refers to the persistent nature of the behaviour and can refer to a range of behaviours over time. (32) Unreasonable behaviour means behaviour that a reasonable person, having regard for the circumstances, would see as victimising, humiliating, undermining or threatening. (33) Bullying behaviour can range from obvious verbal or physical assault (occupational violence) to very subtle psychological abuse and usually, but not always, utilises power attributed to status, skills or position. (34) Bullying may also be discrimination if it is because of age, sex, pregnancy, race, disability, sexual orientation, religion or certain other reasons and can also take the form of cyber/social media bullying which is done through the use of technology; for example, using the Internet such as social media, a mobile phone or a camera to humiliate or embarrass someone. (35) Bullying can involve many different forms of unreasonable behaviour, which can be obvious (direct) or subtle (indirect). (36) Examples of direct bullying include: (37) Examples of indirect bullying include: (38) Bullying can be intentional, where someone’s actions are intended to humiliate, offend, intimidate or distress, whether or not the behaviour resulted in that effect. (39) Bullying can also be unintentional. Although not intended to, the actions can humiliate, offend, intimidate, distress, cause and could reasonably have been expected to cause that effect. Sometimes people do not realise that their behaviour can be harmful to others. In some situations, behaviours may unintentionally cause distress and be perceived as bullying. (40) Vilification occurs when someone incites hatred towards, serious contempt for or severely ridicules a person or group of persons on the ground of their race, religion, sexuality, gender identity, colour, nationality, descent, ethnicity, ethno-religious status, national origin, homosexuality, HIV or aids status or trans-gender status, disability, sexual orientation or lawful sexual activity. (41) Victimisation in the workplace occurs if a University representative subjects or threatens to subject another University representative to a ‘detriment’, because that other person has: (42) Conduct likely to constitute a detriment in employment includes demotion, dismissal, transfer, suspension, loss of a benefit, being refused further contract work, being excluded from work or work related social functions and being the subject of gossip or innuendo. (43) The University prohibits retaliation against staff or an external work related person just because that person is a party to a complaint of unacceptable behaviour. Should a University representative victimise someone who has raised a complaint or is party to a complaint, the University will take action in accordance with a breach of this policy. (44) If someone raises a genuine complaint directly with a person, it should be appreciated that an opportunity is being offered to address certain behaviour and potentially averting a more formal complaint. (45) Occupational violence is any incident where a University representative or student is physically attacked or threatened with physical violence in the workplace. (46) This definition expressly includes domestic violence that extends to the workplace, for example staff who are married and an act of violence occurs within this relationship on University premises. (47) Any act of violence that takes place in the workplace will be investigated internally and may also involve external parties such as the Police. (48) It is not sexual harassment to develop friendships or relationships with other people at work based on mutual attraction, friendship and respect and if the interaction is consensual, welcome and reciprocated it is not sexual harassment. (49) The University expects all staff to act ethically, with integrity and to maintain the highest professional standards at work. Those staff in personal relationships with other staff must: (50) Where any conflict of interest has been identified, it will be managed in accordance with the Conflict of Interest Policy. (51) Should the University identify any behaviour/relationship which they believe to be unacceptable, disruptive or affect the work environment in a negative manner they reserve the right to review the work situation and take appropriate steps to avoid and/or resolve the situation. Refer to the Conflict of Interest Policy for further information on personal relationships. (52) In so doing, the staff member/s who is/are the subject of the relationship may be required to undertake any and all reasonable steps and directions to resolve or avoid the issue to the extent necessary to protect the interests of the University and/or other staff. (53) Other than the immediate workplace (including campus), ‘workplace’ also extends to work social functions, conferences and events either organised by the University or organised by external parties and sanctioned by the University to attend on behalf of the University. (54) It is a requirement that professional behaviour must be adhered to when staff attend any social functions, conferences or events. (55) Breaches of this Policy as a result of the consumption of alcohol/drugs will not be tolerated. Being under the influence of alcohol/drugs will not be accepted as an excuse for behaviour which is unacceptable. Refer to the Alcohol and Drugs Policy. (56) Employees are not to use any University equipment in a manner that may breach any University policy or breach any local legislation. (57) More particularly, people must not create, send, store, upload, access, use, solicit, publish or link the University equipment/brand to: (58) Examples include (but not limited to) mobile devices and computers. Refer to the Use of Computer Facilities Statute 2009. (59) If a person believes they have experienced unacceptable behaviour or if they have been a witness to such behaviour, the University strongly encourages people to do something about it. Ignoring this behaviour might be interpreted by the other person as consent or acceptance or may even place people at risk/harm. (60) Staff must not respond to unacceptable behaviour with more unacceptable behaviour. (61) Staff can lodge a complaint even if they are not a party to an incident. For example, a person may complain if they overhear a racist joke made in the workplace and find this joke offensive or if they witness one person assaulting another person. (62) The University encourages people to take the time to follow the correct process or seek help from their Manager, Next Up Manager, Human Resources or another support person should they feel aggrieved by unacceptable/unacceptable workplace behaviour. (63) The university encourages reporting of unacceptable behaviour and therefore provides a complaint procedure for dealing with complaints relating to workplace behaviours. (64) The person raising a complaint has the right to: (65) The principles of the complaint resolution process are: (66) The University has a legal responsibility to take reasonable steps to prevent unacceptable behaviour in the workplace. This procedure is an important part of those steps. (67) The University takes all complaints very seriously. Where a complaint has been made, it will be investigated and, if proven, appropriate disciplinary action may be taken. We will take all reasonable steps to ensure that parties involved in the complaint will not be victimised or treated unfairly. (68) Complaints that are vexatious or malicious may result in disciplinary action. (69) It is recommended that staff initially try to resolve a complaint personally with the other party/parties. If the staff member is comfortable to try this approach, it is generally the most effective way to ensure the continuation of a harmonious working relationship. (70) Where resolutions can’t be achieved by this approach it may be appropriate to consider lodging a formal complaint: (71) The below process provides an opportunity to resolve the complaint in a timely and fair manner. (72) In the first instance, staff should submit their complaint, in writing, to their manager however where this is not appropriate; complaints can be made to, another manager or to Employee Relations. (73) To ensure consistency and fairness, the below process is usually followed (the order of events may change and an independent person who is external to the University may be used to conduct the investigation): (74) There are a number of potential outcomes that may result from resolving complaints. These will depend on factors such as: (75) The outcomes are not limited to, but may include: (76) Should staff raise a serious allegation of unacceptable behaviour (or even misconduct, conflict of interest etc) the University may have a legal obligation to investigate even if the staff member does not wish to pursue the matter; refer to ‘Legal Issues’ below. (77) If someone is found to have raised a false or deliberately misleading claim against another person they may face disciplinary action. (78) Confidentiality must be adhered to during and after the process of making and resolving complaints. Staff may only discuss the complaint with those legitimately and directly involved in the complaint or in its resolution. (79) This requirement seeks to protect the rights and privacy of all involved and to ensure a comfortable and productive working environment. Should a staff member’s complaint become more widely known, there is the potential for undue embarrassment and workplace tension. In addition, it is less likely the complaint will be successfully resolved. (80) Breaches of confidentiality could result in disciplinary action being taken. (81) Making secret recordings of conversations (on devices such as phones, recorders etc) undermines the confidentiality and integrity of the process of grievance resolution therefore the University strictly prohibits recordings without explicit consent from all parties involved in a conversation. Should consent be obtained, such consent to be recorded in writing and on the recording device at the commencement of the recording. (82) The University can be held legally responsible for acts of discrimination or harassment that occur in the workplace or in connection with a person’s employment. This is known as vicarious liability. (83) The University can be held vicariously liable for discrimination and harassment that occurs in the workplace, or in connection with a person’s employment, including at: (84) This also extends to being liable when computers, phones or tablets are used to harass a person; for example by sending text messages, posting on social media sites or sending emails that have a connection to the workplace. (85) We also note that spreading gossip or rumours may expose staff to a defamation action. (86) Should a serious allegation of unacceptable behaviour be raised, the University may have a legal obligation to investigate even if the staff member does not wish to pursue the matter. (87) Staff who harass, bully or discriminate against others in the workplace are directly liable for their own actions. (88) Some matters may also be considered an offence under Criminal Law and should be reported to the Police. They include (but are not limited to): (89) The legislation does allow some exceptions in respect of discrimination. For example: (90) The circumstances in which exceptions may apply are set out in the relevant legislation. (91) Reasonable management action, carried out in a fair way, is not bullying (albeit some experiences can be uncomfortable for those involved). Managers have a right to direct the way work is carried out, to monitor the work and give feedback on performance. Examples of reasonable management action may include: (92) A staff member who is a party to a grievance has the right to have a support person present at meetings. If the staff member chooses not to have a support person the process will still continue. (93) A support person can be (other than a practicing solicitor or barrister) a union representative, friend, family member or a work colleague. They are nominated by a staff member to provide support on their behalf, but who is not entitled to make representations or act as an advocate. (94) The role of the support person is to provide professional and moral support to the staff concerned. He or she may also act as a witness or observer to the process. (95) The support person should not disrupt the process, direct the process or otherwise interfere with the meeting. The support person is not there to advocate on behalf of the staff member. (96) Should a support person attempt to intervene, direct the process or advocate on behalf of the staff, he or she should be warned that this contravenes the role of support person. If the support person persists, the support person may be asked to leave the meeting and the meeting may be terminated and rescheduled, with another support person present. (97) It is not appropriate for meetings to be unreasonably delayed due to the unavailability of a staff member’s support person. If this occurs, the staff member will be advised to nominate another support person. (98) A support person should not have had any involvement in the incident being discussed. (99) Refer to the Associated Information page, where you will find a list of the most relevant Australian law relating to this topic. Note that the list of legislation is not comprehensive. (100) If issues of unacceptable workplace behaviour arise in an area of responsibility of a manager, supervisor, leader etc they should take all reasonable steps to deal with them promptly and to prevent a recurrence of the problem and should deal with complaints of unacceptable workplace behaviour in accordance with the relevant policies/procedures. (101) Managers have the responsibility to: (102) Staff have a responsibility to: (103) Staff have the right to seek assistance from an external body/authority (including their Union) at any stage. For example: (104) There are people and resources available to assist or support staff and provide information, advice or appropriate referrals. Support options may include: (105) This policy accepts the definitions outlined in related legislation. (106) Further, for the purpose of this policy and procedure:Workplace Behaviours Policy
Section 1 - Background and Purpose
Top of PageSection 2 - Scope
Section 3 - Policy Statement
Workplace Entitlement
University Commitment
Expected Workplace Behaviour (All Staff)
Breach of Policy
Section 4 - Procedure
Discrimination
Direct Discrimination
Indirect Discrimination
Exceptions
Legal Protections
Harassment
Harassment
Sexual Harassment
Racial Harassment
Bullying
Direct or Indirect Bullying
Intentional or Unintentional Bullying
Vilification
Victimisation
Occupational Violence
Personal Relationships
University Functions and Activities
Use of Equipment
Staff Actions – What to Do?
Witnessing Unacceptable Behaviour
Experiencing Unacceptable Behaviour
The Decision to Make a Complaint
Principles of the Complaints Process
Responding to a Complaint
Complaint Process
Process to Lodge a Complaint
Investigating Complaints
Potential Outcomes
No Action
If the initial assessment and/or investigation identifies that the complaint is not substantiated.
Coaching
Informal action through coaching. If the initial assessment and/or investigation identifies that the behaviour is not serious enough to warrant disciplinary action but may find that a restatement of policy and standards expected, further instruction, re-education or training and coaching the staff member is appropriate.
Restatement of Expected Behaviours
If the staff member is aware of behaviour expectations but has not followed correct procedures and/or behaviour standards, a restatement of expected behaviours will be issued and consequences of repeated instances of such behaviour will be advised.
Disciplinary Action
If the staff member commits a serious breach of policy/procedure, the University can issue a formal censure or counselling in conjunction with a written warning; withhold an increment, demotion, transfer to another position with pay appropriate to the position; suspension with or without pay and termination of employment.
Termination of Employment
Means termination of employment at the initiative of the University in accordance with relevant clauses of the Collective Agreement.
Obligation to Act and Investigations
Legal Issues
False, Malicious and Vexatious Claims
Staff Confidentiality
Recording Conversations
Legal Obligations
Obligation to Act
Individual Liability
However, if the University cannot demonstrate that they have taken ‘all reasonable steps’ to prevent the discrimination or harassment from occurring, then both the individual and the University can be jointly liable for the behaviour. Referral to Police
Exceptions
Performance Management
Support Person
Who may be a Support Person
The Role of the Support Person
Legislation
Responsibility
Assistance
External Assistance
Other Assistance
Top of PageSection 5 - Definitions
Top of Page
Section 6 - Stakeholders
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For example: indecent exposure, stalking, sexual assault and obscene or threatening communications such as phone calls, letters, emails, text messages and postings on social networking sites.
Complaint is defined as a work-related problem or condition which a staff member believes to be unfair, inequitable, discriminatory and/or creates an unsafe work environment and which is formalised in writing for the purpose of these procedures.
Responsibility for implementation – All staff.
Responsibility for monitoring implementation and compliance – Deputy Director, Employee Relations.